Voluntary turnover

Section NO.1IntroductionBackground1.01 Employee turnover is a much-examined marvel. There is an enormous writing on the reasons for intentional representative turnover going back to the fiftiess. 1.02 Voluntary turnover is a significant activity for some associations in numerous Asiatic states ( Barnett, 1995 ; Chang, 1996 ; Syrett, 1994 ) . Representative turnover is giving light sleeper darks to human asset executives in numerous states in Asia ( Naresh Khatri ) . Associations are passing tonss of cash to chop down representative turnover. Worker turnover is other than one of the issues looked by numerous associations in Pakistan.Aim of the Research Study1.03 The point of the overview is to cognize the components of representative turnover, why representative quit the occupations and leave the associations and which factor impact the most while go forthing the association. 1.04 The point of the review is to cognize the variables, which impact the most in representative turnover in, name focus industry in Pakistan.Problem statement1.05 What are the elements of worker turnover in the organisations?Research Questionsa ) What are the grounds ; representatives stopped their occupations and leave the associations? B ) What is the capacity of the components ( alternatives, reason to cease, occupation fulfillment, authoritative committedness, rewards and conditions, representative highlights, planning and improvement and impact of associates ) in worker turnover? degree Celsius ) Which variables cause the most in the representative turnover? Objective Of the Study 1.06 The aim of the examination overview â€Å"Factors of representative turnover† is to help out the chiefs to figure out the variables of worker turnover in the associations. So the executives simple can occur, why worker is go forthing the association? Orchestrating to the results they can do the projects to chop down the representative turnover in the organisations.Definitions of the Footings1.07 â€Å"Employee turnover is characterized as, the proportion of figure of laborers that must be supplanted in a given clasp period to the mean figure of workers† .Chapter NO 2Literature Review2.1 Over clasp there have been a figure of components that have all the earmarks of being efficiently connected to turnover. An early reappraisal article of surveies on turnover by Mobley ( 1979 ) uncovered that age, term of office, generally fulfillment, occupation content, purposes to remain on the occupation, and committedness were all adversely identified with turnover ( for example the higher the variable, the lower the turnover ) . In 1995, a meta-examination of some 800-turnover surveies was directed by Hom and Griffith, which was late refreshed ( Griffith, 2000 ) . Their examination affirmed some entrenched discoveries on the reasons for turnover. These include: occupation fulfillment, authoritative committedness, contrasting of choices and reason with cease. 2.2 The top factor refered to in many surveies is low pay and inconsistent advantages. Absence of handle and feeling that the business esteems the workers ‘ parts other than positions high on the rundown of reason for representative turnover. Another loaning variable to representative turnover is hapless bearing. This incorporates such factors as hapless conveying from driving, inadequacy of readiness, unnecessarily much adjustment, insufficiency of assets important to make the occupation, lack of affirmation that a representative is disappointed with calling advancement possibilities, torment, take bringing down conduct, and an inadequacy of flexibleness toward workers. Way of life changes, for example, the transportation of an accomplice, birth of a child, or the interest for a shorter drive will other than do representative turnover. ( Kathleen Goolsby ) 2.3 Some factors and factors are analyzed and examined in more thing below.Comparison of Options2.4 The looking at of choices is a factor that plays a capacity in worker turnover. The connection among choices and turnover on a single degree has been explored generally since March and A ; Simon ‘s 1958 original work on effectiveness of movement. 2.5 Much of the resulting research concentrated on the nexus between occupation fulfillment, saw substitute possibilities and turnover. In this way, inquire about specialists started to focus on the capacity of both existent and detected possibilities in explaining single turnover judgments. 2.6 Subsequent research has demonstrated that existent alternatives are a superior forecaster of single turnover than detected possibilities. Research on the effect of joblessness rates as a placeholder for existent possibilities in representative turnover uncovered that joblessness rates influenced the activity fulfillment/turnover reason relationship however non existent turnover ( Kirschenbaum and A ; Mano-Negrin, 1999 ) . They reasoned that large scale degree investigation anticipated turnover frames however perceptual encounters of chances did non. This point was strengthened in their study on clinical focuses in arranged areas utilized strides of apparent and objective possibilities in interior and outside work markets. The essayists inferred that points chances were a superior arrangement of records of existent turnover conduct than either detected inner or outer work showcase possibilities. 2.7 Nevertheless, while existent alternatives seem, by all accounts, to be a superior forecaster of turnover, there is other than entrenched grounds of the nexus between saw choices and existent turnover. In their latest meta-investigation, Griffith ( 2000 ) affirmed that apparent alternatives humbly anticipate turnover.Purposes to Discontinue2.8 Intension to end is one of the components that play a capacity in representative turnover. Mobley ( 1979 ) noticed that the connection among purposes and turnover is reliable and all around more grounded than the fulfillment turnover relationship, in spite of the fact that it despite everything represented not exactly a one-fourth of the inconstancy in turnover. A significant part of the examination on detected possibilities has been seen as related with purposes to go forward however non existent turnover ( Kirschenbaum and A ; Mano-Negrin, 1999 ) .Organizational Committedness2.9 Many surveies have announced a significant relationship betwe en hierarchical committedness and turnover purposes ( Lum, 1998 ) . Tang ‘s ( 2000 ) review affirmed the nexus among committedness and existent turnover and Griffith ‘s ( 2000 ) examination demonstrated that authoritative committedness was a superior forecaster of turnover than generally speaking occupation fulfillment. 2.10 Research laborers have built up that there are various sorts of authoritative committedness. Allen and A ; Meyer ( 1990 ) examined the idea of the nexus among turnover and the three constituents of attitudinal committedness: affectional committedness alludes to representatives ‘ enthusiastic affectionate respect to, assignment with and commitment in the association ; continuation committedness alludes to responsibility base on costs that workers partner with go forthing the association ; and standardizing committedness alludes to representatives ‘ sentiments of obligation to remain with the association. Essentially, workers with solid affectional committedness remain with an association since they need, those with solid continuation committedness stay since they have to, and those with solid regularizing committedness stay since they believe they should. Allen and Meyer ‘s study showed that every one of the three constituents of committedness were a negative fi le of turnover. As a rule, most research has seen affectional committedness as the most conclusive variable connected to turnover.Job Satisfaction2.11 The connection among fulfillment and turnover has been deliberately found in numerous turnover surveies ( Lum, 1998 ) . Mobley 1979 showed that general occupation fulfillment is adversely connected to turnover yet clarified little of the changeability in turnover. Griffith ( 2000 ) found that general occupation fulfillment unassumingly anticipated turnover. In an ongoing New Zealand review, Boxall ( 2003 ) found the main ground by a long shot for individuals go forthing their boss was for all the more fascinating work somewhere else. It is all things considered acknowledged that the outcome of occupation fulfillment on turnover is not as much as that of hierarchical committedness.Features of Employees2.12 Despite an abundance of research, there seem to be scarcely any highlights that definitively anticipate turnover, the avoidances be ing age and term of office. Age is seen as contrarily identified with turnover ( for example the more seasoned an individual, the more outlandish they are to go forward an association ) . Be that as it may, age totally clarifies little of the changeability in turnover and as age is connected to numerous different components, completely it contributes little to the misgiving of turnover conduct. 2.13 Tenure is other than contrarily identified with turnover ( the more drawn out an individual is with an association, the almost certain they are to remain ) . Mangione in Mobley reasoned that length of administration is extraordinary compared to other individual forecasters of turnover. ; Griffith other than found that age and term of office have a negative relationship to turnover. 2.14 There is little grounds of an individual ‘s sex being connected to turnover. Griffith ‘s 2000 meta-investigation rethought grouped individual highlights that might be connected to turnover. They inferred that there were no contrasts between the quit paces of work powers and grown-up females. They other than refered to grounds that sex directs the age-turnover relationship ( for example grown-up females are bound to remain in their occupation the more established they get, than make work powers ) . They other than found no nexus among insight and turnover, and none among race and turnover.Wagess and Conditionss2.15 Wagess and conditions is one of the factors of the representative turnover. Mobley ( 1979 ) inferred that outcomes from surveies on the capacity of compensation in turnover were varying yet that as often as possible there was no connection among pay and turnover. Different surveies found no significant relationship. 2.16 On the different manus Campion ( 1991 ) refered to in Tang recommends that the vast majority of

The Effects of Child Abuse Essay examples -- Child Abuse Essays

The impacts of kid misuse are numerous. The agony and injury the manhandled youngster experiences is only a little piece of how this cauldron of concealed degeneracy in our general public influences we all. Destroyed lives can be found in people everything being equal and in varying backgrounds. Society all in all is likewise affected by youngster misuse both in negative and positive manners. In this exposition I will introduce a portion of the factor and consequences of this savage conduct on people just as our way of life. Early American culture didn't consider kid misuse a wrongdoing. Kids beyond 7 years old were made to fill in as hard as grown-ups of the timeframe. They were regularly beaten on the off chance that they didn't. This changed in the late nineteenth century when multi year old Mary Ellen, who persevered through physical beatings from her non-permanent mother, was accounted for to the specialists by concerned neighbors who heard Mary’s rehashed cries at the hand or switch of her temporary mother. In 1874, a crucial named Etta Wheeler was educated regarding Mary’s coldblooded life of beatings, detainment and heartless bondage. When Etta Wheeler was at last allowed to watch Mary in her living quarters, dismayed she started to give it her best shot to get Mary out of her terrible circumstance. Wheeler persuaded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals to intercede and by lawful methods have Mary expelled from the home. Their contention was that â€Å"Mary Ellen was an individual from the set of all animals, and subsequently could be incorporated under the laws which shielded creatures from human cruelty† (Bell, 2011, p. 3). Out of this promotion for Young Mary was framed the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. The general impact of youthful Mary’s misuse was lasting changes in United States law making misuse, savagery, and negle... ...y think about certain types of family viciousness, for example, kid misuse, we ought to have the option to all the more rapidly increase a superior understanding with respect to each kind of family savagery that we experience in our general public. What we find out about defeating kid misuse, might be useful in treatment for accomplice misuse, or senior maltreatment. The proceeding with pattern of youngster misuse can be finished when we are happy to take a gander at the destruction it leaves in the lives of the kid casualties, yet everybody who is a piece of the family or society where family brutality abides. At the point when people are eager to defend these youthful casualties and get included, at exactly that point will constructive change come. Take a gander at the constructive change that became out of the maltreatment and salvage of one multi year old young lady named Mary Ellen when one individual with sympathy in her heart was willing and fearless to get included and have any kind of effect. The Effects of Child Abuse Essay models - Child Abuse Essays The impacts of youngster misuse are different. The agony and injury the mishandled youngster experiences is only a little piece of how this cauldron of concealed degeneracy in our general public influences we all. Destroyed lives can be found in people everything being equal and in varying backgrounds. Society all in all is additionally affected by youngster misuse both in negative and positive manners. In this article I will introduce a portion of the factor and consequences of this fierce conduct on people just as our way of life. Early American culture didn't consider kid misuse a wrongdoing. Youngsters beyond 7 years old were made to fill in as hard as grown-ups of the timeframe. They were frequently beaten on the off chance that they didn't. This changed in the late nineteenth century when multi year old Mary Ellen, who persevered through physical beatings from her temporary mother, was accounted for to the specialists by concerned neighbors who heard Mary’s rehashed cries at the hand or switch of her non-permanent mother. In 1874, a crucial named Etta Wheeler was educated regarding Mary’s remorseless existence of beatings, detainment and wanton subjugation. When Etta Wheeler was at long last allowed to watch Mary in her living quarters, horrified she started to do everything possible to get Mary out of her appalling circumstance. Wheeler persuaded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals to mediate and by legitimate methods have Mary expelled from the home. Their contenti on was that â€Å"Mary Ellen was an individual from the set of all animals, and along these lines could be incorporated under the laws which shielded creatures from human cruelty† (Bell, 2011, p. 3). Out of this promotion for Young Mary was framed the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. The general impact of youthful Mary’s misuse was lasting changes in United States law making misuse, savagery, and negle... ...y think about certain types of family viciousness, for example, youngster misuse, we ought to have the option to all the more rapidly increase a superior understanding with respect to each sort of family brutality that we experience in our general public. What we find out about defeating youngster misuse, might be useful in treatment for accomplice misuse, or senior maltreatment. The proceeding with pattern of youngster misuse can be finished when we are happy to take a gander at the annihilation it leaves in the lives of the kid casualties, however everybody who is a piece of the family or society where family savagery stays. At the point when people are eager to go to bat for these youthful casualties and get included, at exactly that point will constructive change come. Take a gander at the constructive change that became out of the maltreatment and salvage of one multi year old young lady named Mary Ellen when one individual with empathy in her heart was willing and fearless to get included and have any kind of effect.

Breastfeeding vs. Formula Essay - 1100 Words

Breastfeeding vs. Formula (Essay Sample) Content: AssignmentStudent NameInstructorCourseDateBreast Feeding Protocol and Relation to Evidence-based dataStudies relevant to the topic have revealed that breast-feeding is the best option a mother can take. A study conducted on the evidence-based support for breastfeeding conducted by Pat F. Bass III, MD, MS, and MPH. The paper by Dr. Bass informed on the advantages of breastfeeding and disclosed that breast milk offers nutritional content that cannot be supplemented by infant formula. Doctor Bass insists that breast milk offers unparalleled anti-inflammatory content and immunological properties that are impossible to replicate CITATION Evi15 \l 1033 (F.Bass MD, 2015). In addition a study conducted by Ocilla Maria Costa Carvalho, Karolina Rodriguez Silva, Livia Zulmyra Cintra Andrade and Viviane Martins da Silva on the prevalence of nursing diagnoses of breastfeeding in the mother infant dyad basic health unit in Fortaleza-CE Brazil CITATION Oci \l 1033 (Ocilla Maria C osta Carvalho, et al., 2014). The study revealed the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of breastfeeding and from a sample of 28 children approximately 70% of them revealed important effectiveness of breastfeeding. In addition, the study revealed that many mothers advocated and followed breastfeeding practices. CITATION Oci \l 1033 (Ocilla Maria Costa Carvalho, et al., 2014)Research has revealed that breast milk is necessary for an infant as they develop. Breastfeeding should be started as soon as the child is born, and skin to skin conducted for one hour each day to encourage feeding on cue. Ensure there are 8-12 feeds per day and do not allow supplements or formulas unless requested by mother or are necessary. There should be no nipple shields for the mothers and going home packs containing formulas should not be offered unless the mother asks for them. As a nurse you are required to offer instructions to the mother on, observing the baby for cues when it is breastfeeding, preven t muscle strain for the baby by positioning it carefully, implement the latch tool and the encourage the mother to assess each feeding for proper latch. Also encourage and show the mother how to check the sign for proper intake, ensure the mother has knowledge on adequate milk supply or maintaining an adequate milk supply. As a nurse, you should keep a chart on flow showing, breastfeeding effectiveness with every feed, problems with the mother, response to interventions, patient teaching, and the response to teaching.When comparing the above breastfeeding protocol with the evidence article by doctor Bass, we can establish that breastfeeding is necessary and needs to be adequately followed. From the guidelines offered by Doctor Bass, we can deduct similarities with the above protocol. According to the article, a written policy on the necessity of breastfeeding should be offered to the mothers in an attempt to encourage the implementation of the steps of breastfeeding. As the protocol states mothers should breastfeed within an hour the article recommends that nurse help mothers initiate the breastfeeding. The protocol says the mothers should not be offered any infant formula and this is seconded in the article where it says infants should not be given any food or drink except breast milk.The article on evidence-based clinical practice guideline by the Association of womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s health, Obstetrics and Neonatal Nurses depicts quantitative data that positively compare to the breastfeeding protocol. It is important to note that according to the article, which references release from the United Nations Children Fund, which says that breastfeeding for the first 6 months, could save 1.3 million lives annually. The protocol compares to the statistics inconclusively, according to the article in the United States 75% of women initiate breastfeeding and 56% breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months, which compares significantly to the breastfeeding protocol CITA TION Ass14 \l 1033 (Association of Women's Health, 2014).The advantages of breastfeeding can be divided into health, psychological and economic effects CITATION Off11 \l 1033 (Office of Surgeon general, et al., 2011). In health advantage of breast milk studies reveal that breast milk offers immunological and nutrimental advantages that formula feeding cannot incorporate. Breast milk offers infant protection against a host of illnesses and diseases that both the infant and the mother are at a risk of conducting. On the other hand, formula feeding has been associated with numerous health risks, which include increasing the risk of a child or an infant contracting diarrhea and ear infections CITATION Off11 \l 1033 (Office of Surgeon general, et al., 2011). According to resea...

The Definition and Usage of Optimality Theory

In linguistics, the theory that surface forms of language reflect resolutions of conflicts between competing constraints (i.e., specific restrictions on the form[s] of a structure). Optimality Theory was introduced in the 1990s by linguists Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky (Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar, 1993/2004). Though originally developed from generative phonology, the principles of Optimality Theory have also been applied in studies of syntax, morphology, pragmatics, language change, and other areas. In Doing Optimality Theory (2008), John J. McCarthy points out that some of the most significant work on OT is available for free on the Rutgers Optimality Archive. ROA, which was created by Alan Prince in 1993, is an electronic depository of work in, on, or about OT. Its a fabulous resource for the student as well as the veteran scholar. Observations At the heart of Optimality Theory lies the idea that language, and in fact every grammar, is a system of conflicting forces. These forces are embodied by constraints, each of which makes a requirement about some aspect of grammatical output forms. Constraints are typically conflicting, in the sense that to satisfy one constraint implies the violation of another. Given the fact that no form can satisfy all constraints simultaneously, there must be some mechanism selecting forms that incur lesser constraint violations from others that incur more serious ones. This selectional mechanism involves hierarchical ranking of constraints, such that higher-ranked constraints have priority over lower-ranked ones. While constraints are universal, the rankings are not: differences in ranking are the source of cross-linguistic variation. (Renà © Kager, Optimality Theory. Cambridge University Press, 1999) Faithfulness and Markedness Constraints [Optimality Theory] holds that all languages have a set of constraints which produce the basic phonological and grammatical patterns of that particular language. In many cases, an actual utterance violates one or more of these constraints, so a sense of well-formedness applies to that utterance which violates the least number or least important constraints. Constraints can be classified in two types: faithfulness and markedness. The faithfulness principle constrains a word to match the underlying morphological form (such as plural tram -s in trams). But words like buses or dogs do not follow this constraint (the first falls foul of the constraint that prevents the pronunciation of two consecutive /s/ sounds and the second places a /z/ instead of an /s/). These two examples, though, follow markedness constraints, and in these cases the particular markedness scores higher than the faithfulness constraint, so the alternate forms are allowed. Differences between languages, then, are a ma tter of the relative importance given to particular constraints, and a description of these constitutes a description of the language. (R.L. Trask, Language and Linguistics: The Key Concepts, 2nd ed., ed. by Peter Stockwell. Routledge, 2007) Constraint Interaction and the Domination Hierarchy [W]e assert that the constraints operating in a particular language are highly conflicting and make sharply contrary claims about the well-formedness of most representations. The grammar consists of the constraints together with a general means of resolving their conflicts. We argue further that this conception is an essential prerequisite for a substantive theory of UG. How does a grammar determine which analysis of a given input best satisfies a set of consistent well-formedness conditions? Optimality Theory relies on a conceptually simple but surprisingly rich notion of constraint interaction whereby the satisfaction of one constraint can be designated to take absolute priority over the satisfaction of another. The means that a grammar uses to resolve conflicts is to rank constraints in a strict domination hierarchy. Each constraint has absolute priority over all the constraints lower in the hierarchy. [O]nce the notion of constraint-precedence is brought in from the periphery and foregrounded, it reveals itself to be of remarkably wide generality, the formal engine driving many grammatical interactions. It will follow that much that has been attributed to narrowly specific constructional rules or to highly particularized conditions is actually the responsibility of very general well-formedness constraints. In addition, a diversity of effects, previously understood in terms of the triggering or blocking of rules by constraints (or merely by special conditions), will be seen to emerge from constraint interaction. (Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky, Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar. Blackwell, 2004) The Richness of the Base Hypothesis Optimality Theory (OT) does not allow for constraints on the inputs of phonological evaluation. Output constraints are the only mechanisms for expressing phonotactic patterns. This idea of OT is referred to as the Richness of the Base hypothesis. For instance, there is no input constraint that forbids the morpheme *bnik as a morpheme of English. The output constraints will penalize such a form, and evaluate this form in such a way that the optimal output form is not faithful to this form, but different, e.g. blik. Since forms such as bnik will never surface in English, it does not make sense to store an underlying form bnik for blik. This is the effect of lexicon optimization. Thus, the phonological output constraints of a language will be reflected by the input forms. (Geert Booij, Morpheme Structure Constraints. The Blackwell Companion to Phonology: General Issues and Subsegmental Phonology, ed. by Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume, Keren Rice. Blackwell, 2011) Optimality-Theoretic Syntax [T]he emergence of OT syntax seems to fit into the general tendency in syntax to blame the ungrammaticality of a sentence on the existence of a better alternative. This view on grammaticality is also found in [Noam] Chomskys Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1995), although Chomsky takes optimization to play a much more modest role than OT syntacticians do. Whereas Chomskys only criterion for evaluation is derivational cost, the inventory of violable constraints assumed in OT syntax is richer. As a result, the OT constraints interact and conflict with each other. This interaction is exploited by the assumption that constraints are ranked, and that parametrization can be reduced to differences in ranking between languages. Chomskys economic conditions, on the other hand, have no such direct parametrizing effect. In the Minimalist Program, the locus of the parametrization is the lexicon. (Introduction to Optimality Theory: Phonology, Syntax, and Acquisition, ed. by Joost Dekkers, Frank van d er Leeuw, and Jeroen van de Weijer. Oxford University Press, 2000)

A Detailed Analysis of Death of a Salesman - 1199 Words

Jennifer Mills Professor Usha Wahwani English 102 1, April 2013 A Detailed Look at Death of a Salesman Death of a Salesman has been accepted worldwide as one of the greatest American dramas to premier in theatre. The story behind the play is based on Miller’s interactions with his Uncle, a salesman whose efforts to obtain the â€Å"American Dream† and pass his success on to his two sons becomes his main focus. Miller’s life during the preparation of Death of a Salesman provides the spark and inspiration needed to pen a literary classic. Almost five decades later, Death of a Salesman’s themes is still relevant in today’s society. Arthur Asher Miller was born October 17, 1915 in Harlem, New York City. Miller was the son of Isadora and†¦show more content†¦Even the country shut down production of consumer goods to meet the needs of the war. The changes brought about an increase in industrial production. The labor force significantly increased. Almost a third of the country had a disposable income for the first time, a drastic change from nearly half of Americans suffering from poverty a year before. After the war the goal simply became developing an economy capable of providing an adequate livelihood to all its citizens, the â€Å"American Dream†. The 1940’s marks the rise of suburbs and the ideal â€Å"good life† or â€Å"American Dream† as many veterans returned home and purchased houses. In the late 1940’s and throughout the 1950’s, many pursued the â€Å"American Dream† of hard work rewarded by middle-class signs of success such as a house, a car, a college education, and household appliances. Miller wrote Act 1 of Death of a Salesman in less than twenty four hours, and completed the rest of the play within six weeks in a small studio built on his farm in Roxbury, Connecticut. Many believe the town was an ideal location for authors to settle down way from the public eye. Authors William Styron and Frank McCourt also found refuge in the New England farm town. Some suggest the peace that Roxbury provided Miller allowed him to pen Death of a Salesman, a literary classic. Today Miller’s estate contributes to about forty seven acres to the Roxbury Land Trust and Miller was laid to rest at Roxbury Center Cemetery inShow MoreRelated12 Angry Men - Analysis3445 Words   |  14 Pagescollection of twelve jurors with diverse backgrounds after hearing testimony regarding a murder case where a teen boy of â€Å"minority† ethnicity are sequestered to a deliberation room to decide whether the teen is â€Å"guilty† or â €Å"not guilty† in the stabbing death of his father. At the heart of the deliberations is to prove that the teen is â€Å"guilty beyond a reasonable doubt† and the twelve men spar in this film for one and one-half hours in a New York City court deliberation room on a very hot, summer day. 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Free Essay free essay sample

In healthcare, there are always essential trainings and classes being held for employees to complete when learning new procedures or just refreshing their memories with requirements they do on a daily basis. These educational and training programs provide the tools required to move toward service excellence. Energized, committed and educated employees make a positive difference in a patient’s healthcare experience; untrained and undereducated employees lead to potentially unsatisfactory service situations. This is critically important since most malpractice claims and lawsuits are pursued based on patients’ feelings about those potential communication and service lapses. True service excellence, or providing services at the highest level, needs to be embraced by everyone in your organization. This can be accomplished through targeted training and educational programs focusing on improving patient, or â€Å"customer† service. Depending on the level of success you’re seeking to achieve, the level of education may be relative, but the bottom line is, an education of some sort is often paramount to future success. Completing increasingly advanced levels of education shows that you have a drive and commitment to learn and apply information, ideas, theories, and formulas to achieve a variety of tasks and goals. Another primary reason education is important, is that it’s become a basic requirement for so many employers, to even get your foot in the door. Many employers require college level education, even for roles which previously did not require it, such as administrative assistant positions. The fewer years of education you’ve completed, the fewer doors are open to you. It’s that simple. Educational 11requirements are a quick and easy way to narrow down the field of applicants, especially in situations where there are more applicants than jobs. When hiring from a field of candidates, employers prefer those who have completed the higher level of education. In addition to added income, obtaining a college education has many other benefits. The  college experience  allows a person to become more open-minded, more cultured, more rational and more consistent. According to ERIC Digest, a college-educated person is less likely to be authoritarian. A person who is less authoritarian is more likely to advance in the workplace. Additional benefits of a college education, noted by ERIC Digest, are decreased prejudice, enhanced knowledge of world affairs and enhanced social status. Greater workplace productivity and flexibility are also products of higher education. Education is important to everyone, but education is even more important in the healthcare industry. Why? Technology, math and science are key components of many healthcare roles:  Healthcare careers often require knowledge and understanding of the sciences, and technology. These fields are always changing and growing with new developments and discoveries. Therefore it’s imperative to have a basic understanding you can build on with continuing education throughout your career, to keep up with the latest changes and new information. Health professionals have a huge responsibility for the health, well-being, and survival of others. Therefore, health professionals must be particularly adept and relating to other people, learning and gathering information about a patient, and applying it to the treatment and care of that patient based on medical knowledge. For many healthcare roles, degrees and certifications are required for licensure to practice in a certain capacity. Many allied healthcare jobs require at least an associate’s degree, most nurses need bachelor’s degrees, and physicians and advanced practice nurses must have many years of post-graduate training to include master’s and doctorate degrees. Many way wonder why there is a need for additional training after all the time they spent learning at school. In any job, there are always specific skills that make the job operate smoother. Learning how to perform in an veryday situation takes a little training, which cannot be learned in the classroom. According to Element K, training keeps staff members motivated and up to date with ever-changing industry trends. Continual training also allows exposure to new technologies, which is essential to achieving goals. Training on the job not only benefits the employee, but also the employer. Although there is a cost as sociated with training employees regularly, Element K says, Training brings direct benefits to businesses and can be calculated as a return on investment. Other benefits that a business can expect from training are less turnover, happier employees, less need for supervision and more productive employees. Thinking about all the education and training can be overwhelming and may lead a person to ask, Is all the time spent getting an education and additional training worth it? The answer is yes. Job training will challenge employees to learn more and therefore get more involved in their jobs, which in turn leads to higher job satisfaction. It appears the benefits for an individual to invest in themselves by getting an education and training far outweigh the daunting task set before them. References (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. ahcancal. org/facility_operations/ComplianceProgram/Pages/TrainingEducation. aspx Saxton, J. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. stevenslee. com/practice/hcrm/education. html Santiago, A. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://healthcareers. about. com/od/educationtraining/f/WhyEducation. htm

The Importance of Demographics in the Long Term Plans

Strategic management can be viewed as one of the management tools that have been widely applied in many organizations across the world. Strategic management is one of the most important business activities that have enabled many organizations to conduct its activities towards the realization of its goals (Cole 2003).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Demographics in the Long Term Plans specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is through the strategic management that an organization is enabled to direct the members such that they work towards the realization of organizational goals (Hill Jones 2006). Strategic management therefore involves the efforts in which an organization is involved in and plays a significant role to determine what an organization is as well as what it does. Demographics are very significant in strategic planning. In fact, demographics are all what matter in planning in the long t erm. OECD is one of the organizations that heavily rely on demographics in making critical long term decisions (OECD 2011). The main objective of OECD is to come up with the most effective policies that will promote both economic and social well being in the society (Kusek Rist 2004). This strategy is even more beneficial to the less developed countries where the majority of the people are living below the poverty line (Office of State Budget and Budget and Management 2011). In order to be able to come up with most effective policies in various circumstances, OECD must be able to access the appropriate demographics. Through demographics, OECD will be in a position to know the characteristics of each population, an understanding which helps in coming up with the most feasible decisions. OECD also looks at the issues that affect the ordinary people (Sadler Craig 2003). In order to be able to achieve this, an organization must be able to access the necessary data about a specific seg ment of a population. For instance, it will be possible to identify a particular group of the people which is adversely affected by a certain problem (UNFPA 2010). This can be easily understood by having a thorough analysis of the appropriate demographics about a place. For instance, the organization will be in a position to identify specific segments of a population which has been adversely affected by insecurity (Noel 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This can easily be identified by analyzing the past trends of the data collected. Armed with such information, it will be easier for OECD to come up with the most effective long term policies addressing such issues in such a segment (OECD 2001: Public Sector Leadership for the 21st Century). According to Jeffs (2008), demographics information in a specific country is very useful in making appropriate policy formulation. Such information includes information about structures, movements, living conditions, distribution and natural resources in a country. The effectiveness of the course of action taking in particular cases will significantly be determined by the ability of a country to collect, analyze, and use the available information about various aspects in the community. This information will also be useful in implementation of the policies. For instance, it will help in identifying specific population segments that are adversely affected by a certain problem. Through such understanding, the policy makers will be in a position to identify the organizations which needs the first priority (Joyce Wood 2001). One of the areas where this can effectively be applied is in poverty eradication policies. First priority can be given to those segments that are more affected. This promotes equality within the society. This discussion has clearly revealed the importance of demographics in making the long term plans. In connection to this, it is important to collect and analyze the appropriate data on a certain population. It is also necessary to collect the appropriate data on the development issues that play a major role in policy making (Howes Tah 2003). There are several ways through which such information can be retrieved. Over the past years, most countries have been conducting census in order to collect information on various aspects among the population. Important demographics can also be retrieved from administrative registers (Haberberg Rieple 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Demographics in the Long Term Plans specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, information about deaths, births among others can easily be got from such registers. Thematic and demographic surveys can also be employed in retrieving useful information about a population (Berson 2011). In order to have effec tive policies, it is always advisable to implement the policies based on truth. Therefore, the data collected plays a pivotal role in determining the effectiveness of the policies adopted. However, this requires the responsible parties to conduct, analyze, and use the collected data in the most effective way (OECD 2001: Government of the Future). Conclusion This discussion has clearly revealed that demographics play a major role in making long term plans in OECD. By collecting and analyzing available data or information about a population, it will be easy to come up with the most effective policies for a certain population segment. OECD is mainly concerned in promoting policies that contributes in improving the overall well being of every person in the society. In other words, demographics provide direction while making policy recommendations depending on different aspects of a certain population segment. This helps in improving the overall well being of every person in the society as well as reducing disparities among the people. Reference List Berson, D. 2011. The Importance of Demographics in Economic Analysis: The Unusual Suspects.  Web. Cole, G. 2003. Strategic Management. London, Cengage Learning EMEA. Haberberg, A. and Rieple, A. 2008. Strategic Management: Theory and Application. New York, Oxford University Press.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hill, C. and Jones, G. 2006. Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. U.S.A, Cengage Learning. Howes, R. and Tah, J. 2003. Strategic Management Applied To International Construction. London, Thomas Telford Jeffs, C. 2008. Strategic Management. London, SAGE Publications Ltd. Joyce, P. and Woods, A. 2001. Strategic Management: A Fresh Approach to Developing Skills, Knowledge and Creativity. U.K, Kogan Page Publishers. Kusek, J. and Rist, R. 2004.Ten Steps To A Results-Based Monitoring And Evaluation System.  Web. Noel, L. 2011. Strategic Enrolment Management in an Era Of Changing Demographics. Web. OECD. 2001. Public Sector Leadership for the 21st Century. New York, OECD Publishing. OECD. 2001. Government of the Future. U.S.A., OECD Publishing. OECD. 2011. Social and Welfare Statistics. Web. Office of State Budget and Budget and Management. 2011. Economic Analysis. Web. Sadler, P. and Craig, J. 2003. Strategic Management. U.K., Kogan Page Publishers. UNFPA. 2010. Data for Devel opment. Web. This essay on The Importance of Demographics in the Long Term Plans was written and submitted by user Madison C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

or being Italian portrayed in the stories you have studied compare and contrast at least two short stories.

How is Italy and / or being Italian portrayed in the stories you have studied compare and contrast at least two short stories. This essay will discuss the portrayal of Italy and being Italian in the short stories I have studied. I have split this broad theme into smaller themes which are most prominent in the stories, they are also the themes that reflect Italy and the notion of being Italian.Italy as we know it has only been in existence for just over 140 years. Before this time it was a feudal unbalanced, divided collection of separate kingdoms. Before 1860 when Giuseppe Garibaldi and his red shirts set out to unify the kingdoms. Many kingdoms had their own rulers, languages, customs and Identities. These geographically enhanced differences still occur in Italy. It is quite possible for two Italians from different locations to speak very different forms of Italian and to have a completely different notion of what it is to be Italian. The North South divide is well noted as being one of the most dramatic divisions in any European country.Abu Simbel: alba lungo il viaggioToday there is even a northern separa tist party called the Liga Nord. The North with its arable land and closer links to opulent Europe always had a better chance of being rich. These favourable conditions have made the north and the golden triangle especially wealthy and is in stark contrast to the south. The depiction of Sicily and Sicilians in ' Il Lungo Viaggio ' exemplifies what it is to be southern Italian. While the north raced ahead with modernisation the South remained poor and many inhabitants dreamt of a better life and leaving for America. This story brings out a warm but very stereotypical view of an average poor Sicilian. They are even described as backwards by Nick Roberts, ' Il Lungo Viaggio, the story by Leonardo Sciasca, was published in 1973 in the collection ' Il mare colore del...

A governing body Essay Example for Free

A governing body Essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA Haven't found the essay you want? Get your custom sample essay for only $13.90/page ? A governing body is eminent in every populace. Although the governing bodies of the United States and Sweden are both administered by Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches, the role they play in the politics of their respective countries differs greatly. Both countries are subject to laws set forth by age-old constitutions. There is also variance in the number of representative parties for the population of each country. It is important to look at the age of the country and its influence on the government. The period of time in which countries are founded is very important in showing why certain countries have the institutions that they do. The early Swedish government was formed by aristocrats who nominated a king that used his rule to influence religion. This aspect of Sweden’s political history differs from that of the U. S. , which was founded hundreds of years later to be ruled by representation. U. S. Government The United States is the world’s oldest representative democracy. The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the Constitution. Citizens are subject to three levels of government: federal, state, and local levels; most areas are subject to multiple local governments, such as county or metropolitan governments in addition to municipal government. The federal government is comprised of three branches, which are designed to check and balance one another’s powers. The Legislative branch is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives, which makes federal law, declares war, approves treaties, and has the power of making decisions regarding the budget and taxation, also known as â€Å"Power of the Purse. † The Executive branch is comprised of the President, who appoints, with Senate approval, the Cabinet and other officers. The Cabinet administers and enforces federal laws. The president is also Commander-in-Chief of the military. The Judicial branch is the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the President with Senate approval. The Judicial branch interprets laws and can overturn laws they deem unconstitutional. The United States Constitution is the supreme legal document that governs the American system. The document is considered a social contract for the people of the United States, regulating their affairs through government chosen by and populated by the people. All laws and procedures of both state and federal governments are subject to review, and any law ruled by the Judicial branch to be in violation of the Constitution can be overturned. The Constitution can be amended by two methods, both of which require the approval of three-fourths of the states. Officials at all three levels are either elected by voters in a secret ballot or appointed by other elected officials. Executive and legislative offices are decided by a plurality vote of citizens in their districts. Judicial and cabinet-level offices are nominated by the Executive branch and approved by the Legislature in the federal government and most states, although some state judges are elected by popular vote. American politics is dominated by the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. Members of these two parties hold the majority of elected offices across the country at federal, state, and lower levels. Independent or third party candidates tend to do better in lower-level elections; however, there are currently two independent members of the Senate. Within American political culture, the Republican Party is considered conservative and the Democratic Party is considered liberal. Swedish Politics Information published by Nations Encyclopedia advises Sweden is a constitutional monarchy, of which King Carl XVI Gustaf is currently the head of state, but royal power is limited to official and ceremonial functions. The nation’s modern legislative body is the Swedish Parliament, also known as Riksdag, with 349 members, which chooses the Prime Minister. The Riksdag holds supreme authority in modern Sweden. The Riksdag is responsible for choosing the Prime Minister, who then appoints the ministers. The legislative power is then shared between the parliament and the Prime Minister-led government. The executive power is exercised by the government, while the Judiciary, unlike that of the United States is independent. Sweden’s judiciary system also lacks the ability to review laws that may be in violation of the constitution. Acts of the parliament and government decrees can be made inapplicable at every level if they are against constitutional laws. Legislation may be initiated by the Cabinet or by members of Parliament. Members are elected on the basis of proportional representation, or full representation versus the plurality voting system used in the U. S. The Constitution of Sweden can be altered by the Riksdag, which requires an absolute majority and two decisions with general elections in between. Since 1932, the Cabinets have been dominated by the Social Democrats. The following political parties currently hold seats in the Riksdag: Social Democrats, Moderates, Centre Party, Liberal People’s Party, Christian Democrats, Left Party, and Greens. There are six other parties, however, they do not currently hold any of the seats of the Riksdag. The six parties are: Swedish Democrats, Feminist Initiative, The Pirate Party, June List, The Health Care Party, and National Democrats. Religious and Cultural Aspects of Government Historicizing the formation of the Swedish government is to review the affects of aristocracy on government and government on religion. In the middle ages, struggle for power between powerful families and Great Men, also known as Stormannen, caused politically unstable situations. Sweden was a kingdom where the king was elected by members of a council of aristocrats; therefore, the throne was not inherited. The presence of powerful Great Men and chiefs meant that the king’s influence was often quite limited. His political and fiscal control over the country depended upon support from the aristocracy. During the late Middle Ages political anarchy came about in Sweden. Constant struggle for power between a number of families and the Danish King Kristian II ended in the Bloodbath of Stockholm in the early 1500s. The result of this struggle enabled Gustav Vasa to become king in 1521. The most important reform Gustav Vasa made was the reformation of the Church. â€Å"The king was able to gain political control, as well as control the property of the Church, all Swedes suddenly became Protestants instead of Catholics†(History World, 2007). This made it possible for the king to establish himself, not the Pope, as head of the Church, and also to use the Church as a pedagogic tool on the people according to History World. Because everyone had to attend church on Sundays, the state could reach almost the entire populace with information, propaganda, and a certain amount of education. The Bible was, for instance, translated from Latin to Swedish during this time. This had a positive impact on literacy among the ordinary people. In the United States, the formation of the government was influenced by agenda and innovationists rather than religion or how politics could influence religion. â€Å"Our Founding Fathers were not known to practice Christian orthodoxy†(White House, 2007). Although they supported the free exercise of any religion, they believed there could be dangers in incorporating a religion into the creation of a government to serve all people. Most of them believed in deism and attended Freemasonry lodges. According to John J. Robinson, â€Å"Freemasonry had been a powerful force for religious freedom†(Free Masons, 2007). Freemasons took seriously the principle that men should worship according to their own conscious. Masonry welcomed anyone from any religion or non-religion, as long as they believed in a Supreme Being. Washington, Franklin, Hancock, Hamilton, Lafayette, and many others accepted Freemasonry. According to the Free Masonry Organization, in order to be a Free Mason, one must believe in the existence of a â€Å"Supreme Being,† which includes the â€Å"gods† of Islam, Hinduism, or any other world religion. Although many believe the anti-Biblical and anti-Christian beliefs and practices of this organization are partially hidden beneath an outward appearance of a supposed compatibility with the Christian faith, the organization supports every religion. The influence of a non-uniform Christian society on the U. S. government was probably due to the combinations of cultures and backgrounds of the individuals making up the fairly new society. The compilation of cultures that continues to make up U. S. society varies greatly from those of the Swedish culture at the time their government was developed. Sweden was a very old country; therefore, the majority of the inhabitants had lived there most, if not all, of their lives. The governments of the United States and Sweden both represent their diverse populations through their respective governments. The greatest variance in the way branches operate is in the Judicial system. In the United States, the Judicial System ensures that laws are upheld and amended to meet changing times without going against the Constitution. The Swedish Judicial branch lacks the ability to review laws that may be against their constitution. A governing body. (2017, Mar 02).

Alexander Hamilton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Alexander Hamilton - Essay Example Hamilton served as Secretary of Treasury during the Washington administration from September 1789 until January 1795. During his stint, hew was deemed to have significantly helped position the US under a sound economic regime. He presented a comprehensive financial program to the first Congress ("Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia"). To illustrate this point, his works such as the Report on Public Credit (1790) proposed to the federal government the redemption of confederation government securities and full payment of debt accumulated by the Continental Congress. As part of his financial program, this provision resolved and nationalized financial chaos inherited from the Revolution (Foner & Garraty). Apart from this, Hamilton also generated the Report on Manufactures (1791), wherein he impelled the federal government to encourage manufactures and proposed protective laws including the imposition of tariff on imported manufactured goods and series of excise tax both for the purpose of preserving of home market and generating revenue for the government to pay its debt (Burt).

Identifying stakeholders and Interest Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Identifying stakeholders and Interest - Article Example Therefore, because of their contributions towards educational provisions in the district, parents will be involved in the formulation of this policy. It will directly affect them because it concerns the safety of their children. Meaning, their input will be required (May, S. & S. Aikman, 2003). Before making any final decision, the parents will have to be consulted, if they approve the new policy, it will be enforced. They know what is good for their children hence, they can not be overlooked. The police department will have to be incorporated as a party to this policy. Their contributions are important. As professional law enforcers, they have a wider knowledge on how the issue of pupil security can be tackled. Hence, it implies that they must be consulted anything is done. Meaning, their suggestions will be taken into account and given a lot of considerations. If they object to it, necessary amendments will be made in order to refine it and make it be up to the required standard. As community elected leaders, the politicians will have to be considered as part of the stakeholders. Both the local civic leaders, senators and the congressmen will have to be consulted. As opinion leaders, the politicians will be included because they are representatives and can speak on behalf of the larger community (Bruce S., 2007). In this regard, they will be urged to participate in the drafting of this new policy since it will have to affect them. As people’s representatives, it is their responsibility to support educational provisions in their areas of jurisdiction. However, everyone knows that such a goal can not be accomplished if there is no safety both within and out of schools. Before making such a new policy, the school management boards will have to be consulted. As school managers, they have a lot of say on whatever activity that happens in schools. They must be involved in the formulation of this new policy because it will affect the success of their schools. They

Shirley Temple Essay examples -- Biography

America's little darling, everyone knows her but where did she come from? George Francis Temple was her father (Shirley Temple). He was born in 1888 and eventually became a banker (Shirley Temple). Her mother's name was Gertrude Amelia Krieger, she was born in 1893(Shirley Temple). They had two sons whose names were: Jack Temple and George Jr. Temple (Shirley Temple). While expecting their first daughter Gertrude played the phonograph and attended dance recitals (Shirley Temple). Finally on April 23, 1929 a beautiful baby girl was born (Shirley Temple). Shirley was a baby who would bring smiles to everyone’s face during the great depression (Hall). They named her Shirley Jane Temple. Shirley was born at 9:00 p.m. She once said " Too late for dinner, and so i started life one meal behind. Ever since then I have tried to make up for that loss"(The Official Shirley Temple Website). Shirley began dancing extremely early (Shirley Temple). Even as early as eight months old, as she swayed back and forth in her baby crib (Shirley Temple). Her love for dancing continued. As Shirley got older she took dance lessons at Ethel Meglin Dance Studio, which was only ten miles from Hollywood (Bankston 6-7). It was the day before Thanksgiving and the family had travel plans arranged, so Shirley took dance class early that week (Bankston 7). While in a hurry her mother did not have time to curl her hair and Shirley had on very casual clothes, not knowing that this would be the day her fame would begin (Bankston 7). This is the day in 1931 that producers Jack Hays and Charles Lamont discovered Shirley (The Official Shirley Temple Website). Shirley's family became very protective of their little girl (Shirley Temple). She attende... ...he received many awards even after her acting career had ended. In September of 2005 the Screen Actors Gold proclaimed that Shirley," who captivated the world as no other child star has done before or since, then served her country as an eminent diplomat over more than three decades"(U-S-history). She received a Life Achievement Award for her many accomplishments (U-S-history). Also, in 2005 Premiere Magazine put her at number thirty-three on the Greatest Movie Stars of all-time list (Shirley Temple). She was voted the thirty-eighth greatest movie star of all time by Entertainment Weekly (Shirley Temple). At one point, Shirley's fan club in England had 650,000 members (Lindeman). Located at 1500 Vine Street is her Hollywood Walk of Fame star (Shirley Temple). All in all, Shirley Jane Temple had a very full life and accomplished so much.

Li & Fung

A critique of the case â€Å"Li & Fung (A): Internet issues† is presented below in light of the following two key methodologies: SWOT analysis Porter's five forces model A SWOT analysis of Li and Fung: Strengths of the firm Reputable name and branding. Well informed and educated management Tightly integrated supply chain management with client base. Established decentralized management style Ability to operate in both hard and soft markets. Existing internal capital Successful acquisition strategy (bought suppliers and competitors). Flexible and interactive design process. No inventories to manage. Weaknesses Lack of initial knowledge on developing an e-commerce B2B profile. Lack of qualified personnel and subject matter experts to implement such a large undertaking. Poor information gathering and research prior to adopting the B2B portal strategy Insufficient knowledge about the behavior of SMEs in similar portals The initial plan of developing a B2B portal was based on the old economy model, change was not sufficiently accounted for. Opportunities The internet is a true enabler to incorporate a more streamlined supply chain management system. Allow customers to be able to be an intricate part of the design process up to the point of product manufacture. Allow SMEs to participate in product procurement while enjoying a smaller commission rate. Ability to establish a business plan to develop markets in which surplus products could be sold (Electronic Stock Offer – eSO) Threats Phasing the â€Å"middle man† out of the trading scheme is a risky strategy and an attempt to alter an existing market mechanism. Possible loss of key employees to other Internet companies through the promise of greater wage compensation for newly acquired skills. Fear that an online company would acquire or partner with an old economy trading company, becoming an overnight competitor. If the technology was outsourced, then the company could become dependent on that outside company for their IT needs especially when an upgrade was needed. The possibility of outside companies being able to access proprietary information, strategy, or the complete Li & Fung business model. Exposing the business to a new business environment with insufficiently prepared change strategies Service quality issues in an area where the firm has never operated before could tarnish its reputation and result in loss of value The new e-commerce endeavor made some of their larger customers nervous in that they were afraid that Li & Fung would be compromising their business by working with their direct competitors. Porter's five forces model: Traditional Rivalry – most of Li & Fung’s rivals have been acquired. Bargaining power of suppliers – sold raw materials to suppliers at a premium. Bargaining power of buyers – efficient and considered high value. Threat of new entrants – low threat of entry. Threat of substitute products- possibilities of threat in this area. Business Concept Li & Fung is a long standing Hong Kong based company that that has evolved from an export trading company to a coordinator of value-added services across the entire supply chain in a global, open manufacturing environment. They assess the clients’ product and delivery needs and orchestrate supply, manufacture and delivery in a very tailored and specialized way. Capabilities Li & Fung achieve their high level of service through an executive relationship of two close brothers who form a unique synergy of strategy and execution. In addition, they give senior managers sufficient autonomy to respond to needs of specific customers. They are aided by a centralized IT as well as financial and administrative support in Hong Kong. Managers have their own compensation package, and bonuses are based on profits with no ceiling. There is great incentive to achieve goals. Li & Fung use a three year planning approach in which a goal is established and a gap analysis aids in identifing steps to get there. Each three year plan had a short name or slogan for the ultimate goal. Through strategic acquisitions to expand reach of service into new markets such as Europe and India, Li & Fung had grown to nearly five times that of its closest competitor by 2000. Value The value Li & Fung provided its clients is the view and reach into a global range of choices for performing tasks. Through their knowledge of the various raw materials suppliers, manufacturers and shippers, Li & Fung could provide a high degree of quality and reliability in all aspects of order fulfillment. This knowledge coupled with sophisticated centralized information management made its services quick and reliable. Threat of Competitors The threat of e-commerce over the Internet was not as direct as expected. The brothers were concerned about disintermediation but found that most Internet businesses were not well conceived. Instead they learned that the threat came from the hype of Internet businesses capturing more investment capital thus enabling those companies to invest greatly in their companies and hire away talent from Li & Fung, for example. Continuing Threats In the next three year plan, Li & Fung will need to assess the possibility and cost/benefit of end-to-end supply chain communications based on improved technology in developing countries. Li & Fung maintain their own staff, on the ground, with each supplier, thus ensuring valid business data in their system. From a market assesment viewpoint they will have to prove the value of that cost versus other entrants into this field that may assess suppliers differently. Channel conflict would continue to be a threat with each increasing IT improvement. They will also need to attend to the legacy clients and how they fare against the B2B portal. Li & Fung 1. What has been the historic strength and strategy for Li and Fung? Since Li and Fung was founded in 1906, the company has more than 100 years of history and it is the main historic strength of Li and Fung. It accumulated lots of information and experience, which other competitors couldn’t have owned without such a strong historic background. Li and Fung is a publicly traded family company. Speed, Solidarity, authenticity, trust, and control are the benefits to running a family business.For example, in a family business, people can think something in the morning and begin working on it in the afternoon; after all, the family is a natural team. Trust is essential in all business and family businesses get a high level of trust among family members. In the early 1970s, Fung brothers who were both educated at Harvard Business School returned from the United States. Fung brothers’ returned heralded Li and Fung’s transition from a family- owned business to a professio nally managed firm, with a planning and budgeting system in place for the first time.As more source of supply emerged in the rapidly industrializing Asian economies, Li and Fung expanded its regional network of offices throughout the Asia-Pacific region and this can be contributed to the fact that Li and Fung was Hong Kong based. By 2000, Li and Fung became a $2 billion global export trading company sourcing and managing the global supply chain for high-volume, time-sensitive consumer goods. 69% of Li and Fung’s sales were in the United States and 27% in Europe.With 48 offices in 32 countries, the company provided value-added services across the entire supply chain in a so-called â€Å"borderless† manufacturing environment. Therefore, Li and Fung clients benefited in several ways: supply-chain customization could shorten order fulfillment from three months to five weeks, and this faster turnaround allowed clients to reduce inventory costs. Moreover, in its role as a mi ddleman, Li and Fung reduced matching and credit risks, and also offered quality assurance to its customers.Furthermore, with a global sourcing network and economies of scales. Li and Fung could offer lower cost and more flexible sourcing than its competitors. Li and Fung even started offering clients virtual manufacturing, or product design services. Li and Fung was entrepreneurial, allowing senior managers to run 90 small, worldwide management teams as separate and individual companies. These dedicated teams of product specialists focused on the needs of specific customers and were grouped under a Li and Fung corporate mbrella that provided centralized IT, financial and administrative support form Hong Kong. This decentralized corporate structure allowed for adaptability and rapid reaction to seasonal shifts. In Li and Fung, performance-based promotion and compensation were cardinal principles. Each Li and Fung’s top executives negotiated individual compensation packages. L i and Fung bonuses were based on profits without ceiling.

The Effects Of Children From Broken Homes Essay - 2771 Words

Abstract This paper provides a brief overview of my research topic which is â€Å"The Effects on Children from Broken Homes†. The finding within my research is based on literature reviews, reading into research resources on my topic and personal experiences. The approach I will be utilizing is the qualitative literature reviews, to support my questions and statements. I want to draw the attention to the Pacific Island families who are, or currently on the verge of separation/divorce. The procedure in which the two parties come to term and agree or disagree will affect their children’s social behaviour and well-being, unless there is early intervention which I will also talk about throughout my research. I’d like to point out that the effects on a child should be discussed more as this is the foundation to most social issues, well development within a young individual’s life from broken homes. Dr Armand Nicholi, a clinical professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, reports: the absence of a parent through divorce, contributes to the many forms of emotional disorder, especially the anger, rebelliousness, low self-esteem, depression, and antisocial that characterizes those adolescents who take drugs, become pregnant out of wedlock, or commit suicide. (Nicholi, 1991). My sole aim through this paper narrowly focuses on the effect on children and their outcomes and what other possibilities there are, to be put into place for them which should have a long-term effect.Show MoreRelatedEffect of Broken Home on the Academic Performance Among Student S in Secondary School614 Words   |  3 PagesFamily is the basic unit of society.    This is the most important component of a country. A home is where a family lives. It may be alternated    to the word ‘house’ but a house is more appropriately    referring to the material structure, whereas ‘home’ refers to the intangible things that bind together the family member s. It is the immeasurable love and care that keeps together the mother, father and their children. The Family is an essential factor for a human’s whole-being, everything about a man, hisRead MoreChild Shift1748 Words   |  7 PagesThe article entitled â€Å"Children Caught in the Crossfire† explores the effects of proper and dysfunctional parenting on Caribbean children. This article identifies dysfunctional homes that foster improper parenting and the impact of psychological and physical absence of parents on their children. It also assesses the consequences of â€Å"child shifting† on affected children. 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